Core Issues in Male Health: Testicular Spermatogenesis Disorders and Ejaculatory Pain

What are the common causes of testicular spermatogenesis disorders?

Testicular spermatogenesis disorders commonly include the following:

(1) Systemic diseases or local lesions affecting or damaging testicular spermatogenesis.

(2) Severe malnutrition, especially a deficiency in vitamins A and E, reduces testicular spermatogenesis.

(3) Testicular tuberculosis, tumors, and orchitis complicated by mumps damage normal testicular tissue.

(4) Varicocele and hydrocele cause local tissue compression, blood stasis, increased testicular temperature, and reduced blood and oxygen supply, all of which can affect testicular spermatogenesis.

(5) Congenital anorchia, testicular hypoplasia, and bilateral cryptorchidism can cause spermatogenesis disorders.

What is painful ejaculation? What are its causes?

Painful ejaculation refers to intermittent, dull pain or aching in the genital area and even the lower abdomen during orgasm and before or after ejaculation.

The main cause is inflammation, such as seminal vesiculitis, prostatitis, and posterior urethritis. Inflammation causes congestion and edema in these organs, resulting in pain during ejaculation due to the rhythmic contractions of the muscles in these organs. Other causes include tumors, stones, urethral stricture, severe phimosis, excessive sexual excitement, and vigorous or rough sexual activity.

What is seminal vesiculitis? What are its causes?

Seminal vesiculitis is an infection of the seminal vesicles caused by bacteria ascending from the urethra or infecting adjacent organs. Clinical symptoms include hematospermia during intercourse, discomfort or even dull pain in the lower abdomen and perineum, or urinary frequency, urgency, and dysuria. In severe cases, inflammation can lead to abscess formation, rupture of adjacent bladder tissue, and drainage of pus in the urine. It is most common in young adults.

Seminal vesiculitis can be caused by bacteria entering the urethra and then ascending through the ejaculatory ducts into the seminal vesicle, or by bacteria causing inflammation of the prostate, epididymis, testis, or bladder invading the adjacent seminal vesicle. Of course, bacteria from other parts of the body can also infect the seminal vesicles via the bloodstream or lymphatic system. The bacteria cause the normally thin and transparent seminal vesicle walls to swell, thicken, become edematous and congested, resulting in blood in the seminal vesicle fluid. The local swelling can also cause discomfort in the lower abdomen.